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4G curriculum (older)

For students clearing pending subjects of the 4G scheme (7-digit subject codes, e.g. 4341602). Students admitted under the current scheme study the 5G curriculum.

4331603 · Semester 3 · 4G scheme

Database Management

Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for 4331603. Independent material — not issued by the university.

Information Technology

Materials

Syllabus

The official syllabus this material follows.

  • Syllabus

    14 pages

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Complete Book

The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.

Problem Solver

Step-by-step solutions to typical problems.

PYQ Solutions

Past university papers, fully solved.

  • Solved past papers — detailed answers

    154 pages · English + ગુજરાતી

    Premium Preview · 31 pages

  • Solved past papers — short answers

    114 pages · English + ગુજરાતી

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Syllabus units

Unit 1: Introduction to Database Systems6 h · 10 marks
  • Introduction
  • Purpose of Database System
  • File oriented System versus database system
  • Application of DBMS
  • Database Administrator
  • Schema, Sub-Schema, Instances
  • Data Abstraction
  • Data Independence
  • Database Architecture
Unit 2: ER Model and Relational Algebra10 h · 16 marks
  • Basic concepts of E-R
  • Mapping Cardinality
  • Key Constraints
  • ER Diagrams
  • Weak Entity Sets
  • Enhanced ER Model
  • Converting ER Diagrams to database
  • Structure of Relational Databases
  • Operations and Queries of Relational algebra
Unit 3: Structured Query Language16 h · 22 marks
  • SQL Data types
  • DDL Commands
  • DML Commands
  • Privilege command
  • SQL views
  • Single row function
  • Date functions
  • Numeric & Character function
  • Conversion function
  • Miscellaneous function
  • Group function
  • Operators
  • Arithmetic
  • Comparison
  • Logical Group by
  • Having and order by clause
  • Set operators
  • Joins
  • Need of Constraints
  • Domain Integrity constraints
  • Entity Integrity constraints
  • Referential integrity Constraints
  • Cursors
  • Stored Procedures
  • Stored Function
  • Database Triggers
Unit 4: Refining database design through Normalization4 h · 12 marks
  • Importance of Normalization
  • Functional Dependencies
  • Normal Forms
Unit 5: Transaction Management6 h · 10 marks
  • Transaction concepts, properties of transactions
  • Serializability of transactions
  • Concurrent executions of transactions and related problems
  • Locking mechanism, solution to concurrency related problems, deadlock

About this course

Database management course introduces students to database design using various models, SQL commands, techniques and operation. This helps students to design ER-models to represent simple databases and convert them into relational tables, populate relational databases and formulate SQL queries on data. Students will improve database design through normalization. Students will understand how database systems must provide for the safety of the stored information, despite system crashes or attempts at unauthorized access. If data are to be shared among several users, the system must avoid possible anomalous results due to multiple users concurrently accessing the same data.