DI01006021 · Semester 1 · 5G scheme
Construction Material
Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for DI01006021. Independent material — not issued by the university.
Materials
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The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.
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Original question papers from previous exams.
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Syllabus units
Unit 1: Overview of Construction Material
- Scope of construction materials in Building Construction, Transportation Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Irrigation Engineering (applications only).
- Selection of materials for different civil engineering structures on the basis of strength, durability, Eco friendly and economy.
- Broad classification of materials – Natural, Artificial, special, finishing and recycled.
Unit 2: Natural Construction Materials
- Requirements of good building stone, general characteristics of stone.
- Structure of timber, general properties and uses of good timber, different methods of seasoning for preservation of timber, defects in timber.
- Asphalt, bitumen and tar used in construction, properties and uses.
- Properties of lime, its types and uses.
- Properties of sand and uses.
- Classification of coarse aggregate according to size and its use.
Unit 3: Artificial Construction Materials
- Constituents of brick earth, Conventional / Traditional bricks, Modular and Standard bricks, Special bricks –fly ash bricks, Characteristics of good brick, Classification of burnt clay bricks and their suitability, Manufacturing process of burnt clay brick, fly ash bricks, Aerated concrete blocks.
- Flooring tiles – Types and its uses.
- Manufacturing process of Cement - dry and wet (only flow chart), types of cement and its uses.
- Pre-cast concrete blocks- hollow, solid, pavement blocks, and their uses.
- Plywood, particle board, Veneers, laminated board and their uses.
- Types of glass: soda lime glass, lead glass and borosilicate glass and their uses.
- Ferrous and non-ferrous metals and their uses.
Unit 4: Special Construction Materials
- Types of material and suitability in construction works of following materials: Water proofing, Termite proofing; Thermal and sound insulating materials.
- Fibers – Types –Jute, Glass, Plastic Asbestos Fibers. (only uses)
Unit 5: Processed Construction Materials
- Constituents and uses of POP (Plaster of Paris), POP finishing boards, sizes and uses.
- Paints- whitewash, cement paint, Distempers, Oil Paints and Varnishes with their uses. (Situations where used).
- Industrial waste materials- Fly ash, Blast furnace slag, Granite and marble polishing waste and their uses.
- Agro waste materials - Rice husk, Bagasse, coir fibres and their uses.
- Special processed construction materials; Geosynthetic, Ferro Crete, Artificial timber, artificial sand and their uses.
About this course
Construction materials are pivotal in any construction project. Diploma civil engineers, also known as technologists, are consistently tasked with selecting materials for diverse construction engineering projects such as residential & commercial buildings, roads, metro railways, bridges, dams, tunnels, and flyovers. The evolution of advanced technology necessitates the adoption of new engineering materials. Choosing the appropriate material that is durable, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly presents a significant challenge for civil engineers. New materials enter the market regularly, prompting the development of modern techniques for their economical and safe use in engineering structures. At the diploma level, students are expected to study these aspects to enhance their understanding and develop performance-oriented skills for application in the construction industry.