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DI03000041 · Semester 3 · 5G scheme

Fundamentals Operating System

Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for DI03000041. Independent material — not issued by the university.

Computer EngineeringComputer Science & EngineeringCyber System & Information Security

Materials

Syllabus

The official syllabus this material follows.

  • Syllabus

    7 pages

    FreeRead

Complete Book

The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.

Slides

Lecture slides for revision.

Past Papers

Original question papers from previous exams.

  • Summer 2026 question paper

    4 pages

    FreeRead

  • Winter 2025 question paper

    4 pages

    FreeRead

PYQ Solutions

Past university papers, fully solved.

  • Solved past papers — detailed answers

    51 pages · English + ગુજરાતી

    Premium Preview · 3 pages

Syllabus units

Unit 1: Introduction of Operating System
  • Fundamental Goals of Operating system, Operating System services
  • Types of Operating Systems: Multi programming, Time sharing, Real Time, Multithreading, Distributed, Embedded Operating System
  • OS structure: Layered, Monolithic, Microkernel Operating Systems
  • Case Study: Linux, Latest Windows Operating System, Mac OS
Unit 2: Concepts of Process
  • Overview of the Process & threads, Process Life Cycle/ Process States, Process Control Block (PCB)
  • Process Scheduling: Scheduling Criteria, Scheduling Algorithms: First Come First Serve, Shortest Job First, Round Robin, Non-Preemptive Priority based Scheduling
  • Overview of Schedulers: Tyes of Schedulers: Long term Schedulers, Short Term Schedulers, Medium Term Schedulers, Scheduling Queues, Context Switch
  • Process Synchronization: Critical Section, Mutual Exclusion, Race Condition
  • Deadlock: Definition, Conditions for Deadlock, Dealing with Deadlock: ignorance of deadlock, Detection and recovery, Dynamic avoidance, Deadlock Prevention, Resource allocation graph
Unit 3: Memory Management
  • Logical and physical address, Swapping
  • Memory Allocation
  • 1. Contiguous memory allocation: Multiprogramming with Fixed partition, Multiprogramming with dynamic partition, Internal and External Fragmentation and compaction, Memory relocation and protection mechanism, Allocation techniques - First Fit, Best Fit and Worst Fit
  • 2. Non-Contiguous Memory allocation: Overview of Paging: Address translation using basic method of paging, Overview of Segmentation: Address translation using Segmentation
  • Page replacement algorithm - FIFO, LRU
Unit 4: Files System
  • Files Attributes, File Operations, File Types, File Paths: Absolute file path, Relative file path, File Security and Protection mechanism
  • Directory System
  • Directory Structures: Single Level, Two Level, Tree Structured, Acyclic Graph, General Graph Directory Structure
  • Disk space Allocation Methods - Contiguous, Linked, Indexed
  • Secondary Storage Structure: Physical Structure of Disk
  • Disk Scheduling Algorithm - SCAN, CSCAN
Unit 5: Unix/LinuxOperatingSystem
  • Linux Introduction, Basic architecture of Unix/ Linux
  • Basics of Unix/Linux Programming
  • Introduction to shell and commands
  • Commands: pwd, cd, mkdir, rmdir, ls, cat, cp, rm, mv, wc, split, cmp, comm, diff, head, tail, grep, sort
  • Editing files with 'vi', 'vim', 'gedit', 'gcc'
  • Linux Basic shell scripts
  • Read using command line argument
  • Arithmetic Operators, logical operators, Relational operators
  • Evaluate expression using test command
  • Branching: if, if...else, case
  • Basic of Looping: while loop, for loop

About this course

As a core subject of Computer Engineering, this course enables to understand importance of Operating System, its functionalities to manage resources of Computer and Peripherals, program development and its execution. An operating system (OS) is the core software that manages hardware resources and provides essential services to applications. Every student of computer science must therefore understand basic structure of an operating system. After learning this subject student will be able to discriminate between various types of operating systems, its processor, processes, and memory and file management. The subject also emphasizes on Linux utilities and scripting.