DI03000091 · Semester 3 · 5G scheme
Electrical Instrumentation
Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for DI03000091. Independent material — not issued by the university.
Materials
Complete Book
The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.
Complete Book
92 pages
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Slides
Lecture slides for revision.
Lecture slides (full course)
479 pages
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525 pages
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Past Papers
Original question papers from previous exams.
PYQ Solutions
Past university papers, fully solved.
Solved past papers — detailed answers
42 pages · English + ગુજરાતી
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Syllabus units
Unit 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION
- Methods of measurement -Direct and indirect method
- Types of Instruments - Indicating, integrating and recording, absolute and secondary instrument
- Generalised measurement system
- Essential torques for electromechanical instruments: Deflecting, Controlling and damping torque
- Terms regarding instrumentation: Range, true value, indicated value, error, correction, sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility, precision, Accuracy, significant figure, etc.
- Types of error: gross error, systematic error, random error
- Sources of error
- Instrumentation system
Unit 2: POTENTIOMETERS AND BRIDGES
- Construction and working of DC potentiometer, and its applications
- Dial type and Crompton type (2 dial type only)
- Low, medium, and high resistance
- DC Bridges: Kelvin's double bridge, Wheatstone bridge, High resistance measurement by Megger
- Earth resistance measurement by Earth tester.
- Types of AC Bridges for measurement of Inductance, Capacitance & frequency
- AC Bridges: Maxwell's Bridge for measurement of Inductance
- De Sauty's Bridge for measurement of Capacitance
- Universal impedance bridge for measurement of resistance, inductance and capacitance
Unit 3: ELECTROMECHANICAL INSTRUMENTS
- Classification of electromechanical instruments
- Moving iron instruments: Ammeter, Voltmeter, Frequency meter
- PMMC instruments: Ammeter, Voltmeter
- Electrodynamometer type meter: Ammeter, Voltmeter, Wattmeter.
- Measurement of 1-Ø power
- Measurement of 3-Ø power by three wattmeter and two wattmeter method
- Induction type Energy meter (single phase, three phase)
- Maximum demand meter, Tri vector meter, Phase sequence indicator, Solid state energy meter, Clip on meter
- Extension of range using shunt, multipliers and derive equation for them.
- Extension of range of meters using instrument transformer like CT and PT
Unit 4: CALIBRATION AND TESTING
- Calibration and its importance
- Calibration of ammeter, voltmeter and wattmeter and single-phase energy meter as per IS
Unit 5: TRANSDUCERS
- Basic requirements of transducers.
- Classification based on: Transduction phenomenon, type of application, types of input and output signal, electrical principle involved etc.
- Resistive Transducers
- Inductive Transducers: LVDT, RVDT
- Capacitive Transducers, Piezoelectric Transducers, Strain Gauge Transducers (unbonded and bonded), Thermocouple, RTD, Thermistor
- Selection of Transducer
- Measurement of non-electrical quantities using abovementioned transducers
- Proximity sensor
About this course
Precise measurement of the quantities such as voltage, current, power, temperature, pressure etc. is essential to operate and maintain the electrical machines and systems effectively and efficiently. Transducers and instruments are the devices which are used to measure such parameters. The electrical diploma engineer should therefore be competent to use, calibrate and maintain different types of electrical instrumentation systems and transducers used in the industry and power systems. This demands a better understanding of the construction, material used and principle of operation of various types of measuring instruments. This course is therefore designed to meet these needs and hence it is a core course for any electrical engineer.