DI04000151 · Semester 4 · 5G scheme
Hydraulics
Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for DI04000151. Independent material — not issued by the university.
Civil EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering
Materials
Complete Book
The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.
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Past university papers, fully solved.
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Syllabus units
Unit 1: Introduction, Pressure and pressure measurement
- Terminologies and Definitions used in fluid mechanics: Fluid Mechanics, Hydrostatics, Hydro-kinematics, Hydro-Dynamics- Ideal and Real Fluid.
- Properties of a fluid: Viscosity, Density, Specific Gravity, Surface Tension, Capillarity, Vapour Pressure, Elasticity.
- Various types of pressure.
- Measurement of pressure or difference of pressure by various methods.
Unit 2: Hydrostatics
- Relationship between pressure and depth of liquid.
- Pressure diagram for different conditions.
- Total pressure and center of pressure
- Computation of Total Pressure and depth of center of pressure
Unit 3: Hydro kinematics & Hydrodynamics
- Types of flow - Laminar -Turbulent, Uniform-Non-uniform, Steady-Un-steady, Rotational and irrotational, One-, Two- and Three-Dimensional flow
- Reynold's number.
- Discharge & its units, Continuity Equation.
- Types of Energy - Potential, Pressure, and kinematics.
- Bernoulli's theorem: statement, assumptions, derivation & limitations.
- Practical application of Bernoulli's theorem
Unit 4: Flow through pipes
- Characteristics of flow through pipes
- Major Head losses in pipe: Computation by Darcy's Weisbach equation, Use of Chezy's & Manning's formula, Nomograms.
- Computation of minor head losses in a pipe.
- Hydraulic Gradient Line (HGL) and Total Energy Line (TEL)
- Flow through pipes in series (Compound Pipe) and pipes in parallel. Equivalent Pipe.
- Discharge measurement using orifice
Unit 5: Flow through Open Channel
- Definition and classification of channel
- Geometrical properties of channel section: Wetted area, wetted perimeter, hydraulic radius, hydraulic mean depth for rectangular and trapezoidal channel section, Froud's number
- Determination of discharge by Chezy's equation and Manning's equation, Bazin's equation, and Kutter's equation. (Without derivation).
- Conditions for the most economical section: rectangular, Trapezoidal, and circular section of open channel. (Without derivation).
- Discharge measuring devices: Triangular and rectangular Notches.
- Computation of discharge through different types of weir: Narrow, Broad, Sharp crested weir; Cippoletti weir and Ogee weir.
- Specific energy diagram.
- Hydraulic jump.
About this course
Study materials, question papers, and solutions for Hydraulics (DI04000151) - Diploma Engineering, Semester 4