DI04000181 · Semester 4 · 5G scheme
Utilization of Electrical Power
Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for DI04000181. Independent material — not issued by the university.
Electrical EngineeringRenewable Energy
Materials
Complete Book
The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.
Complete Book
135 pages
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PYQ Solutions
Past university papers, fully solved.
Solved past papers — detailed answers
20 pages · English + ગુજરાતી
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Syllabus units
Unit 1: Electrical Traction Supply System
- Current scenario of Electrification of Railway lines in India
- Single line diagram of traction substation / traction power supply
- Overhead equipment (OHE): Catenary and contact wire, Span, stagger, supply control post, interrupter, isolator and pantograph, neutral section, NETRA Car, Two conductor supply to electrical locomotive
- Types of Auxiliary supply (Lighting, Fan, AC etc.): self- generating system, Mid-on generation and End-on generation system
- Train lighting supply: Brushless alternator (only principle), rectifier cum regulator and battery
- Traction powering: Distributed power, Concentrated power and Loco hauled, Key features of distributed power, compare distributed power and concentrated power
- Lighting system: Advantages of 110 V DC over 24 V DC system
- Locomotive Classification of electrical locomotives
- Electric supply to Locomotive: Pantograph, ARNO converter and Static converter, Hotel load converter (HLC)
- Dynamic, Rheostatic and Regenerative braking to Locomotive
- Distributed power wireless control system (DPWCS), needs for distributed power system
- Three phase AC Locomotive
Unit 2: Applications of Electric Furnace
- Application of Electric Arc furnace in steel industries
- Steel industry scenario in India: Production, Import and Export (2024-25)
- Methods of Steel production process
- Construction of Electric arc furnace (EAF)
- Operation of EAF: Charging, Complete meltdown, oxidation and refining, de-oxidation and tapping of liquid steel
- Terminology: Capacity utilization, yield and specific energy consumption, Energy balance
- Energy efficient EAF technologies: Ultra high-power transformer, high impedance operation, aluminum electrode arm, improve regulation control, oxy fuel burners, Mist cooling of electrodes, water cooled cables, Estimation of saving and payback period of all energy efficient methods
- Induction furnace
Unit 3: Electrostatics & Electroplating Applications
- Application of electrostatics in electrostatic paint
- Charged particles: Positive charge, Negative charge and neutral particles
- What is electrostatic paint? Working of electrostatic paint
- Electrocharging methods: Corona charging, contact charging Induction charging and frictional charging
- Faraday cage effect, Wraparound effect, High voltage power supply, Electrostatic accessories, Importance of resistivity of coating material
- Industrial applications of electroplating
- Principle of electroplating
Unit 4: Street Lighting
- Application of electrostatics in electrostatic paint
- Components of street lighting system: lamp, ballast and luminaries
- Performance parameter: total luminous flux, luminous intensity, luminous efficacy, luminous colour co-ordinates, correlated colour temperature, colour rendering index, photometry
- Laws of illumination Street light design
- Street light pole arrangement by lumen-based method, pole height as compare wattage of lamp, pole spacing optimization, Distance between two poles by approximation method &actual method, Estimate watt rating of street light luminaries
- Illumination measurement
- Estimation of illuminance measurement: correction factor for lux meter, determination of illumination points in area, room index, average illuminance, installed load efficacy, total power of light sources in area, estimate target installed load efficacy, reasons for Installed load efficacy ratio (ILER), steps to provide energy efficacy, case study
Unit 5: Applications of Regenerative Braking
- Regenerative braking in electric cars, electrical train / metros, E bicycle/ E scooter, electric buses
- Case study of energy saving by applying braking in electric car on flat surface and descent considering 50% and 75% efficiency
- Case study of energy saving by number of stops in electric train considering 50% and 75% efficiency
- Compare energy saving in both cases
Unit 6: Reactive Power Compensation
- Concept of reactive power, causes of low power factor, advantages of reactive power management by capacitor
- Centralized compensation, individual and group compensation
- Capacitor rating for power factor improvement by using standard table and formula
- Case study on Effect of power factor on three phase line current and copper losses
- Capacitor rating for star and delta connection for power factor improvement
- Case study on Effect of power factor on cable size and energy saving
About this course
Study materials, question papers, and solutions for Utilization of Electrical Power (DI04000181) - Diploma Engineering, Semester 4