DI04006011 · Semester 4 · 5G scheme
Concrete Technology
Notes and solutions following the Gujarat Technological University (GTU) syllabus for DI04006011. Independent material — not issued by the university.
Materials
Complete Book
The whole syllabus, unit by unit, written for the exam.
Complete Book
281 pages
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PYQ Solutions
Past university papers, fully solved.
Solved past papers — detailed answers
25 pages · English + ગુજરાતી
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Syllabus units
Unit 1: Cement, Aggregates and Water
- History of cement invention.
- Overview of Cement Manufacturing.
- Bogue's compounds and its functions
- Physical and Chemical properties of cement.
- Testing of cement as per BIS.
- Various Grades and types of cements for different site conditions and its properties.
- Role of Aggregate, types of aggregate and it's source, Classification of aggregate, Soundness of aggregate, Alkali Aggregate Reaction, Grading of aggregate.
- Testing of aggregate as per BIS.
- Quality of water, impurities in mixing water and permissible limits as per BIS.
Unit 2: Fresh Concrete
- Concrete chain - Various stages of making fresh concrete at site
- workability, factors affecting workability, Effect of water cement ratio, adjustments of materials to avoid segregation and bleeding , methods of Measurement of workability as per BIS - slump test, compaction factor test, flow table test, vee bee test .
- Methods of Batching, mixing of materials for making fresh concrete - hand mixing and machine mixing, mixing time.
- Methods of Transportation of fresh concrete - conventional and through pumps and pipeline.
- Placing of concrete - formwork stripping time, under water concreting
- Compaction, importance of compaction, methods - hand compaction, machine compaction - various vibrators and other equipments, time of vibration, vibrating techniques and precautions.
- Methods of finishing of fresh concrete, Laitance & its removal.
- Curing, importance of curing, period of curing accelerated curing, Conventional methods of curing - water curing methods, Special methods of curing- steam, membrane, Infrared, Electrical.
Unit 3: Hardened Concrete
- Hardened Concrete and its Properties: Compressive Strength, Tensile Strength, Bond Strength, Flexural Strength, Durability and impermeability.
- Factors affecting Compressive Strength.
- IS Test Procedure to find Compressive & Tensile Strength of Concrete, Acceptance Criteria, and Mean Strength & Standard Deviation.
- Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete & its effect, factors affecting Creep and shrinkage.
- Durability of Concrete & factors affecting it.
- Importance of NDT.
- Methods of NDT for Concrete- Rebound Hammer Test, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test.
Unit 4: Concrete Mix Design
- Nominal Mix and Design Mix.
- Concrete Mix Design and its importance.
- Different methods of Mix Design and its suitability.
- Concrete Mix Design as per IS 10262.
- Example of Mix design as per IS method for ordinary and standard grade of concrete without and with admixtures.
Unit 5: Chemical Admixture, Special Concrete and Modern Trends
- Admixtures in concrete: Purpose, properties and application for different types of admixture such as accelerators, retarders, water reducing admixtures, air entraining agents and super plasticizers.
- Special Concrete: Properties, Advantages and limitations of the following types of Special Concretes Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC), Pervious Concrete, Fiber reinforced concrete, Ready mix concrete, Fly ash concrete, Recycled Aggregate Concrete, High performance Concrete, 3D printed Concrete
- Modern trends and research in concrete technology, relevant journals and institutes.
Unit 6: Repairs, Rehabilitation and Retrofitting of Concrete Structure
- Definition of repair, rehabilitation and retrofitting
- Deterioration of concrete, types, causes and prevention.
- Corrosion of reinforcement, causes and prevention.
- Repair and Rehabilitation stages- Removal of damaged concrete, Pretreatment of surfaces and reinforcement, Application of repair materials, Repair Procedure.
- Repair and Rehabilitation material - Cement, Steel and special material like, Shotcrete, Epoxy resins, Epoxy mortar, Gypsum cement mortar, Quick setting cement mortar etc.
- Repair and Rehabilitation techniques - Grouting, Guniting, Routing and sealing, Stitching, Drilling and Plugging etc.
- Retrofitting Methods - Adding Steel Bracing, Jacketing Method, External Plate Bonding, Base Isolation Technique, Mass Reduction Technique, Wall Thickening Technique, Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP), Adding Shear Wall, Epoxy Injection Method, Section Enlarging Reinforcing Method etc.
About this course
Concrete is the most widely used man-made construction material in the world and is second only to water as the most utilized substance on the planet. It is the material of choice where strength, impermeability, durability, performance, fire resistance and abrasion resistance are required. It plays an important role in nation building through infrastructure and private building construction. The knowledge of concrete and its properties in the plastic condition and in hardened condition are highly important in order to make Civil Engineering structure safe and serviceable. This course focuses on students' acquisition of knowledge, skills & practices in concrete works and also focuses on the recent advances in the field of concrete technology with emphasis on quality control of concrete.